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The external fire performance of a roof/roof covering does not only depend on the intrinsic properties of its components and the fire attack conditions, but also to a large extent on the pitch of the roof.

In order to reduce the amount of testing, some standard pitches are defined, covering a wider field of application. However, in tests 1 and 3 a sponsor may choose none of the standard pitches, although this will limit the field of application of the classification to the pitch used for testing.

Four different test methods, representing four different scenarios, are specified in ENV 1187. The methods assess the fire performance of roofs/roof coverings under the following conditions:

1. test 1 assesses the performance of a roof under attack with burning brands;

2. test 2 assesses the performance of a roof covering under attack with burning brands and wind;

3. test 3 assesses the performance of a roof under attack with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat;

4. test 4 assesses the performance of a roof using a two stage test method incorporating burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat.

The choice of the test method(s) to be applied depends on the classification envisaged by the sponsor.

If only a classification B_ROof (t1) is envisaged (see Table 1), only test 1 with burning brands is carried out.

If only a classification B_R00F (t2) is envisaged (see Table 1), only test 2 with burning brands and wind is carried out.

If only a classification B_R00F (t3) or C_ROof (t3) or D_R00f (t3) is envisaged (see Table 1), only test 3 with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat is carried out.

If only a classification B_ROoF(t4) or C_ROoF(t4) or D_ROoF(t4) or E_R00F(t4) is envisaged (see Table 1), only test 4: two stage test method incorporating burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat is carried out.

If more than one classification is required, all the corresponding tests are carried out, as there is no direct correlation between the test methods and hence, no generally accepted hierarchy of classification between them.

Field of application can be defined using test reports and other relevant data, in accordance with the procedures specified in prEN 15725, which e.g. describe the role of extended application in the classification process. О

Each test specifies a series of standard specimen compositions and test conditions covering a wider field of direct application.

The number of specimens to be prepared as well as the number of tests to be carried out depends on the envisaged field of application of the classification.

Variables are the pitch of the roof, the deck and/or substrate applied for the test and the inclusion of joints.

8. Tests to be carried out are chosen to cover the envisaged field of application. The field of direct application is specified in 6.5.2.5. The extended field of application is specified in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. <5J

The standard test pitches are 15° and 45°. Tests may also be done at the actual intended pitch.

The standard supporting decks for tests are specified in ENV 1187:

1. wood particle board deck, constructed from planks 250 mm wide x 16 mm thick, density

(680 ± 50) kg/m³ with plain edges and tightly but jointed so that gaps between planks do not

exceed 0,5 mm;

2. deck from wood particle board planks as under a) with plain edges with gaps of (5,0 ± 0,5) mm;

3. deck of 10 mm thick reinforced calcium silicate board, dry density (680 ± 50) kg/m³;

4. trapezoidal profiled steel deck;

5. without any continuous deck.

Tests may also be done with the actual intended deck. The classification so obtained is valid only for the deck tested.

Table B.1 indicates how the deck can be selected taking into account the envisaged field of application.

For each type of deck for which a classification is required, four test specimens are tested out of five types specified in E) 6.5.2.4 О as shown in Table 1 of ENV 1187:2002.

Є.5.2.4 Positioning of joints

To assess the influence of the joints on the performance of the roof, five standard specimen types are defined out of which four shall be tested, details of which are given in ENV 1187.

For every test on a given roof, four specimens are tested.

6.5.2.5 Direct field of application of test results

Test results obtained at 15° apply to roofs with pitches < 20°.

Test results obtained at 45° apply to roofs with pitches > 20°.

Test results obtained at a single specified pitch other than 15° or 45° apply to roofs for that pitch only.

Test with standard supporting decks

Test results obtained with standard supporting decks shall apply to all systems with the same components (including the thickness) installed in the same way, but with different decks as follows.

1. Test results obtained with a wood particle board deck with gaps between planks not exceeding 0,5 mm apply to:

• any wooden continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 16mm and with gaps not exceeding 0,5 mm;

• any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.

2. Test results obtained with a wood particle board deck with gaps of (5,0 ± 0,5) mm between planks, apply to:

• any wooden continuous deck;

• any non-combustible deck with gaps not exceeding 5 mm.

3. Test results obtained with a reinforced calcium silicate board apply to:

— any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.

4. Test results obtained with a trapezoidal profiled steel deck apply to:

• any profiled and non-perforated steel deck;

• any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.

5. Test results obtained without any continuous deck apply to systems without continuous deck only.

Test with alternative supporting deck

Test results obtained with an alternative supporting deck apply only to that roof system (i.e. the constitution, materials, dimensions of components, thickness etc. are identical).

6.5.2.Є E) Field of extended application

Extended application rules are detailed in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. El

E) Tests to be carried out are chosen to cover the envisaged field of application. The field of direct application is specified in 6.5.3.4. The extended field of application is specified in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. El

The standard test pitch is 30°.

The standard substrates are:

1. wood particle board (not fire retardant treated), density (680 ± 50) kg/m³, (19 ± 2) mm thick;

2. expanded polystyrene (EPS) (not fire retardant treated), density (20 ± 5) kg/m³, (50 ± 10) mm thick;

3. fibre reinforced calcium silicate board, density (680 ± 50) kg/m³, (10 ± 2) mm thick;

4. mineral wool, density (150 ± 20) kg/m³, (50 ± 10) mm thick.

Table B.2 indicates how the substrate can be selected taking into account the envisaged direct field of application. Tests may be carried out using the end use substrate but in this case the test result obtained is applicable for this end use only.

1. Test results obtained with a pitch of 30° are valid for all pitches.

2. Test results obtained for a roof covering attached to a substrate apply only for the roof covering on substrates having a density greater than or equal to 0,75 times the density used in the test.

3. Test results obtained on a non-combustible standard substrate apply only for non-combustible substrates which also comply with E) 6.5.3.4 b) ®J.

4. Test results obtained on a combustible standard substrate apply to combustible and non­combustible substrates which also comply with E) 6.5.3.4 b) ®J.

5. Test results obtained on a non-standard substrate apply only to that substrate which also complies with E> 6.5.3.4 b) ®|.

Extended application rules are detailed in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. <51

E) Tests to be carried out are chosen to cover the envisaged field of application. The field of direct application is specified in 6.5.4.4. The extended field of application is specified in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. (51

The standard test pitches are 5° and 30°. Tests may also be done at the actual intended pitch. The classification so obtained is valid for that pitch only.

The standard decks are:

1. wood particle board deck, constructed from planks 250 mm wide x 16 mm thick having a density of (680 ± 50) kg/m³ with plain edges and tightly but jointed so that gaps between planks do not exceed 0,5 mm;

2. deck from wood particle board planks as under a) with plain edges with gaps of (5 ± 0,5) mm;

3. deck of (12 ± 2) mm thick reinforced calcium silicate board of dry density (680 ± 50) kg/m³;

4. trapezoidal profiled steel deck;

5. without any continuous deck.

Tests may also be done with the actual intended deck. The classification so obtained is valid only for the deck tested.

Table B.3 indicates how the deck can be selected taking into account the envisaged direct field of application.

Є.5.4.4 Direct field of application of test result

Test results obtained at 5° apply to roofs with pitches < 10°.

Test results obtained at 30° apply to roofs with pitches > 10° and < 70°.

Test results obtained at an alternative specified pitch apply to roofs for that pitch only.

Є.5.4.4.2 Nature of the deck

Test with standard supporting decks

Test results obtained with standard supporting decks shall apply to all systems with the same components (including the thickness) installed in the same way, but with different decks as follows.

1. Test results obtained with a wood particle board deck with gaps between the planks not exceeding 0,5 mm, apply to:

• any wooden continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 12 mm and with gaps not exceeding 0,5 mm;

• any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm without gaps.

2. Test results obtained with a wood particle board deck with gaps of (5,0 ± 0,5) mm between planks, apply to:

• any wooden continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 12 mm;

• any deck made from wooden planks with plain edges;

• any non-combustible deck with gaps not exceeding 5 mm.

3. Test results obtained with a reinforced calcium silicate board apply to:

— any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.

4. Test results obtained with a trapezoidal profiled steel deck apply to:

• any profiled and non-perforated steel deck;

• any non-combustible continuous deck with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.

5. Test results obtained without any continuous deck apply to systems without continuous deck only.

Є.5.4.5 Test with alternative supporting deck

Test results obtained with an alternative supporting deck apply only to that roof system (e.g. the constitution, materials, dimensions of components and thickness are identical).

6.5.4.Є E) Field of extended application

Extended application rules are detailed in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. <51

6.5.5 Test 4

E) Tests to be carried out are chosen to cover the envisaged field of application. The field of direct application is specified in 6.5.5.5. The extended field of application is specified in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. El

The standard test pitch is 45°, except where the specimens represent flat roofs (with a pitch up to 10°) and shall be tested horizontally. E) Tests may also be undertaken at the intended pitch. The classification obtained is valid for that pitch only. EJ

The tests shall be carried out on a specimen of complete roof structure representative of the complete end use roof construction, incorporating the actual intended deck and supporting structure.

Є.5.5.4 Inclusion of joints

At least one of the test specimens used for the penetration test shall include at least one example of a joint in each layer of the roof system to be tested.

1. Test results obtained with Jac> a pitch of 0° (horizontal) <ac] are valid for flat roofs (with a pitch upto 10°).

2. Test results obtained with a pitch of 45° are valid for roofs with pitches greater than 10°.

3. E) Test results obtained at an alternative specified pitch apply to roofs for that pitch only. El

The classification is valid only for the deck and supporting structure tested.

Extended application rules are detailed in the relevant extended application standard and in prEN 15725. El

7. Number of tests for classification

The minimum number of tests for a given test pitch and a given deck/substrate is specified in the appropriate test method as follows:

Test 1: four test specimens are tested out on a variety of combinations of joints in the weathering and insulation layers.

Test 2: three test specimens are tested at a wind speed of 2 m/s and three specimens at a wind speed of 4 m/s.

Test 3: two test specimens are tested.

Test 4: one test specimen is tested in the preliminary test (Stage 1). Three test specimens are tested in the penetration test with at least one specimen containing examples of the joint details in each layer of the roof system.

7. Classification parameters

   1. Test 1

External and internal fire spread upwards.

External and internal fire spread downwards.

Maximum burned length external and internal.

Occurrence of burning droplets or debris falling from exposed side.

Burning/glowing combustion particles penetrating the roof construction.

Occurrence and area of through openings (measured on the underside of specimen).

Lateral fire spread.

Internal glowing combustion.

Maximum radius of fire spread (horizontal roofs).

Mean damaged length of the roof covering and substrate.

Maximum damaged length of the roof covering and substrate.

External fire spread time T_E.

Time to fire penetration T_P.

Preliminary ignition test with burning brands (Stage 1):

• duration of flaming;

• extent of flame spread;

• time to and nature of penetration.

Penetration test with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat (Stage 2):

• time to penetration by fire;

• occurrence of melting and production of molten droplets or debris (flaming or non flaming);

• time of mechanical failure or development of holes without penetration by fire.

7. Classes and criteria

Test 1 leads to the classification Xroof (t1).

Test 2 leads to the classification Xroof (t2).

Test 3 leads to the classification X_r00f (t3).

Test 4 leads to the classification X_ROof (t4).

The classes of external fire performance for roofs/roof coverings are specified in Table 1.

Table 1 — Classes of external fire performance for roofs/roof coverings

7. Classification report

   1. General

The aim of the classification report is to provide a harmonised way of presenting the classification of a roof/toof covering, based on results obtained during tests in accordance E)with ENV 1187 and/or through extended application process ®|.