---

A.9.2 Alternative test sites

In some cases, it may be necessary to conduct tests at sites that do not have all the characteristics described in A.9.1. Evidence shall be obtained that the errors due to such alternative sites do not invalidate the results obtained. Figure A.2 is an example of an alternative site. A ground plane not satisfying all the requirements of A.9.1 is another example.

A.10 Equipment set-up for radiated emission tests

A.10.1 General

The UPS shall be configured and operated in accordance with the requirements of A.6.4, and set up in accordance with Figure A.9 for table-top equipment and Figure A.10 for floor-standing equipment.

Table-top UPS shall be placed upon a non-metallic table 0,8 m above the horizontal ground plane of the radiated emission test site.

Floor-standing UPS shall be placed directly on the ground plane, the point(s) of contact being consistent with normal use, but separated from metallic contact with the ground plane by up to 12 mm of insulation.

Equipment designed for both table-top and floor-standing operation shall be tested only in the table-top configuration unless the typical installation is floor-standing, when the respective configuration is used.

Equipment designed for wall-mounted operation shall be tested as table-top UPS. The orientation of the equipment shall be consistent with that of normal operation.

A.10.2 Radiated emission measurement

As described in Clause A.4, the one UPS configuration, the one cable configuration and mode of operation which produce the highest emission relative to the limit are found. This configuration is used to measure and record data.

Variations in aerial heights, aerial polarisation and UPS azimuth shall be explored while the frequency spectrum is monitored to produce the highest emission relative to the limit.

Of those emissions no greater than 20 dB below the limit, record at least the six highest emission frequencies relative to the limit. Record the antenna polarisation for each reported emission.

A.10.3 Measurement in the presence of high ambient signals

The test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of 10.7 of CISPR 22.

A.11 Measurement of radiated magnetic disturbances

Refer to Annex B.

note К =

150^
J?

Mains supply or UPS output

Лс<1 500 Q

(1 500 - Я) Q

where

V is the disturbing voltage

U is the voltage at the input of the measuring apparatus

provided that A'_c<<1 500 it and Xf»R at the frequency measured

Figure A.1 - Circuit for disturbance voltage measurements
on mains supply or UPS output

There shall be no reflecting object inside the volume defined on the ground by the line corresponding to the "surrounding boundary" and defined in height by a horizontal plane >3 m above the highest element of either aerial or equipment under test. ,

See A.9.2 for applicability of the alternative test site.

Figure A.2 - Minimum alternative test site

C omponents

A load measuring switch position

В mains measuring switch position

C RFI measuring receiver

D artificial mains network (AMN)

E AMN to UPS power connection

F grounding strap (length/width 3:1 max.)

G input power connections

H UPS

I load

J voltage probe

К reference ground

Re terminating resistor (50 Й)

NOTE 1 The test ground of the RFI measurement should be securely fastened to the AMN ground.

NOTE 2 When the switch is In position A, the measuring set terminal on the AMN should be terminated with the appropriate terminating resistor, R_E.

NOTE 3 For UPS and/or loads of protection Class 1, the ground safety conductor should be connected to the ground of the artificial mains network.

NOTE 4 The distance between the output terminals 1 and 2 of the UPS and the load should be 0,1 m. The connecting lines between them shall not exceed 1 m.

F igure A.3 - Set-up for measurement of conducted emission for table-top units

Figure A.4 - Test set-up for floor-standing units

IEC 1660/05

Non-conductive table

Components

Reference plane

AE Auxiliary equipment

ISN Impedance stabilisation equipment AMN Artificial mains network

NOTE 1 Interconnecting cables which hang closer than 0,4 m to the ground-plane should be folded back and forth forming a bundle 0,3 m to 0,4 m long, hanging approximately in the middle between ground-plane and table.

NOTE 2 Excess mains cord should be bundled in the centre or shortened to approximate length.

NOTE 3 UPS should be connected to one AMN. All AMNs and ISNs may alternatively be connected to a vertical ground-plane or metal wall.

• AMN and ISN should be 0,8 m from the UPS and at least 0,8 m from other units and other metal planes.

• Mains cords and signal cables should be positioned for their entire lengths, as far as possible, at 0,4 m from the vertical ground-plane.

NOTE 4 External battery assembly and I/O signal cables intended for external connection should be positioned as for normal use (where applicable). The end of the I/O cables which are not connected to an AE may be terminated if required using correct terminating impedance.

If used, the current probe shall be placed at 0,1 m from the ISN.

Figure A.5 - Test configuration for table-top equipment
(conducted emission measurement)

Figure A.6 - Test configuration for table-top equipment
(conducted emission measurement) - Plan view

Vertical ground plane or wall of screened room

IEC 1661/05

/EC 7662/05

Vertical ground plane or wall of screened room

Wall of screened room

/777777777777777777777777/7777777.

Figure A.7 - Alternative test configuration for table-top equipment
(conducted emission measurement) - Plan view

NOTE 1 Excess I/O cables should be bundled in the centre. If bundling is not possible, the cables should be arranged in a serpentine fashion.

NOTE 2 Excess mains cord should be bundled in the centre or shortened to the appropriate length.

NOTE 3 The end of the I/O cables which are not connected to a peripheral may be terminated if required for proper operation using correct terminating impedance.

NOTE 4 UPS and cables should be insulated (up to 12 mm) from horizontal ground-plane.

NOTE 5 The AMN can be placed on top of, or immediately beneath, the ground-plane.

NOTE 6 If used, the current probe should be placed at 0,1 m from the ISN.

NOTE 7 External battery (where applicable) should be positioned and wired as for a normal site configuration.

Figure A.8 - Test configuration for floor-standing equipment
(conducted emission measurement)

NOTE 1 Interconnecting cables which hang closer than 0,4 m to the ground plane should be folded back and forth forming a bundle 0,3 m to 0,4 rn long, hanging approximately in the middle between ground plane and table.

NOTE 2 The end of the I/O cables which are not connected to a peripheral may be terminated if required for proper operation using correct terminating impedance.

NOTE 3 Mains junctions boxes should be flush with, and bonded direct to, the ground-plane. If used, the AMN should be installed under the ground-plane.

NOTE 4 External battery (where applicable) should be positioned and wired for normal site configuration.

NOTE 5 Peripherals should be placed at a distance of 0,1 m.

NOTE 6 Mains cables should drape to the floor and then be routed to the receptacle. No extension cords shall be used for the connection to mains receptacle.

Figure A.9 - Test configuration for table-top equipment (radiated emission requirement)

NOTE 1 Excess I/O cables should be bundled in the centre. If bundling is not possible, the cables should be arranged in a serpentine fashion.

NOTE 2 Excess mains cords should be bundled in the centre or shortened to the appropriate length.

NOTE 3 The end of the I/O cables which are not connected to a peripheral should be bundled in the centre and

may be terminated if required with correct impedance.

NOTE 4 UPS and cables should be insulated (up to 12 mm) from the ground plane.

NOTE 5 Mains junction box(es) should be flush with, and bonded direct to, the ground plane. If used, the AMN

should be installed under the ground-plane.

NOTE 6 Mains and signal cables should drape to the floor.

NOTE 7 External battery (where applicable) should be positioned and wired as for a normal installation condition.

10 - Test configuration for floor-standing equipment
(radiated emission measurement)Annex В

(informative)

Electromagnetic emission limits and measurement methods
of magnetic field - H field

From 10 kHz to 30 MHz, the magnetic component of the field radiated by the test unit is measured.

If measurements are taken in a shielded enclosure, its dimensions are such that antennas are always located at least 1 m from each of the walls. The device under test is placed on its grounded surface 1 m ± 0,2 m from the floor. Measurements are taken at a distance 5 = 3 m from the most disturbance producing side of the device under test.

The most disturbance-producing side is defined as the one emitting the highest signal in the frequency band under consideration. The choice of this side and the orientation of the measuring antenna are made simpler by using a spectrum analyser. The measurement distance is counted from the antenna's centre of phase.

Measurements are taken using a shielded loop aerial, as shown in Figure B.1. The frame is oriented in a vertical plane so that it receives the maximal magnetic field.

_{IEC 1666}/os

1. 1 - Test set-up for measuring radiated disturbances

^a Not mandatory up to 150 kHz.

NOTE In all frequency ranges, the limit value reduces linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.

^a Not mandatory up to 150 kHz.

NOTE In all frequency ranges, the limit value reduces linearly with the logarithm of the frequency.Annex С
(informative)

Electromagnetic emission -
Limits of signal ports

The following limits apply only if the cable length exceeds 10 m, in which case the manufacturer should specify the signal cable.

Table C.1 - Limits of signal ports

Annex D

(normative)

Electromagnetic immunity-
Test methods

D.1 General

D.1.1 Object

The purpose of these tests is to measure the degree of immunity of UPS systems to electromagnetic disturbances.

Due to the range of physical size and power ratings, the manufacturer may choose the' most appropriate test site and configuration that is best to physically accommodate the UPS and where necessary within the current rating of the test equipment for currents in excess of 100 A.

D.1.2 Test environment

It is preferable to carry out the immunity tests in a laboratory environment, in which all tests shall be performed on a metallic ground plane, projecting at least 0,5 m beyond the UPS on all sides; however, with a minimal size of 1 m x 1 m.

Floor-standing UPS shall be placed on a dry wooden pallet 0,1 m high.

UPS intended for table-top use shall be placed on a wooden table of 0,8 m height.

The equipment under test is further referenced as UPS.

D.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

The immunity to electrostatic discharges shall be tested according to IEC 61000-4-2. The ESD test shall be applied only to such points and surfaces of the UPS which are accessible to personnel during normal usage, as well as to a horizontal and a vertical coupling plane of 0,5 m x 0,5 m.

D.3 Immunity to radiated electromagnetic (EM) fields

D.3.1 The immunity test to radiated electromagnetic fields shall be performed according to IEC 61000-4-3. The test equipment, test facility, calibration, test set-up and procedure shall be in accordance with the relevant clauses of IEC 61000-4-3.

D.3.2 Arrangement of wiring

The test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements in 7.3 of IEC 61000-4-3.

D.4 Immunity to fast transients

D.4.1 The immunity test for repetitive fast transients is required on all cables that can be connected to the UPS, unless they are declared by the manufacturer to be shorter than 3 m.

D.4.2 The equipment shall be tested according to IEC 61000-4-4.

D.4.3 A capacitive coupling clamp, according to 6.4 of IEC 61000-4-4, shall be placed not more than 1 m from the UPS on any incoming or outgoing cable.

D.5 Immunity to surges

The test shall be carried out in accordance with IEC 61000-4-5.

D.6 Immunity to low-frequency signals

D.6.1 Power line harmonics and inter-harmonics

The operating UPS shall withstand the low-frequency conducted disturbances in the mains, as specified in IEC 61000-2-2. Compliance is checked by simulating the conditions below, and the UPS shall continue to operate without degradation of the specified performances.

D.6.1.1 Single-phase equipment

The test as a minimum shall be performed with a single sinusoidal disturbing voltage of 10 V, at a frequency which is slowly varied from 140 Hz to 360 Hz. Use can be made of a series injection circuit where the mains supplies 50/60Hz power and the amplifier delivers only the harmonics.

D.6.1.2 Three-phase equipment

The test set-up and voltage level for each phase is identical to the set-up for single-phase equipment; however, a three-phase variable frequency generator is used (static or rotating). The frequency is slowly varied from 140 Hz to 360 Hz.

The test shall be performed for both rotating sequences of the disturbing three-phase signal.

If the equipment has a neutral terminal, it shall be connected and tested as in the single-phase test, but only at a frequency close to three times the line frequency.

D.6.2 Power line unbalance (three-phase UPS systems only)

Three-phase systems shall be tested for amplitude and phase unbalance on the power line input.

An unbalance signal can be made with a single-phase transformer or by equivalent means. The unbalance tests are performed on one line only.

The amplitude unbalance test is made with a 230:5 transformer typically connected for a 230V application is as in Figure D.1. The test shall be performed both with the shown and with the reversed connection of the primary side of the transformer.

IEC 1667/05

Figure D.1 - Amplitude unbalance

The phase unbalance test is made with a 400:5 transformer, typically connected for a 400 V application as in Figure D.2. The test shall be performed both with the shown and the reversed connection of the primary side of the transformer.

L1

L2

L3

N

Figure D.2 - Phase unbalanceAnnex Е

(informative)

User installation testing

Measurements at the user's installation are generally necessary for category C4 and might sometimes apply also for other categories (C2 and C3)

These measurements shall be made preferably at the boundary of the user's premises; if this boundary is less than 30 m from the test unit, the measurements shall be made at a distance of 30 m from the test unit.

The number of measurements made in azimuth shall be as great as reasonably practical, but there shall be at least four measurements in orthogonal directions, and measurements made in the direction towards any existing equipment which may be adversely affected.

This form of compliance verification is specific to the installation site, since the site characteristics affect the measurement. Additional type-tested and compliant UPS may be added to the test unit without invalidating the compliance status of the measurement.

1^a Power ports with current rating <100 A: direct coupling using the coupling and decoupling network. Power ports with current rating >100 A: direct coupling or capacitive clamp without decoupling network. If the capacitive clamp is used, test level shall be 4 kV/5 kHz.

^b Light-load test condition is applicable for power ports rated for current > 63 A.

^cCoupling line to line.

^d Coupling line to earth.

2 Applicable only to ports or interfaces with cables whose total length according to the manufacturer's functional specification may exceed 3 m.

^f Applicable only to ports with cables whose total length according to the manufacturer's functional specification may exceed 30 m. In the case of shielded cable, a direct coupling to the shield is applied. This immunity requirement does not apply to fieldbus or other signal interfaces where the use of surge protection devices is not practical for technical reasons. The test is not required where normal functioning cannot be achieved because of the impact of the coupling/decoupling network on the equipment under test (EUT).