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1. deflection D = L²1400 d (mm) and

2. rate of deflection dD/dr = L² / 9 000 d (mm/min)

where L is the clear span of the test specimen in mm and d is the distance from the extreme fibre of the cold design compression zone to the extreme fibre of the cold design tension zone of the structural section, in mm.

The assessment of integrity shall be made on the basis of the following three aspects:

1. cracks or opening in excess of given dimensions;

2. ignition of a cotton pad;

3. sustained flaming on the unexposed side.

E) Classification for integrity shall be according to whether or not the element is also classified for insulation. Where an element is classified both for integrity and insulation, the value of integrity is that determined by whichever of the three aspects fails first. Where an element is classified without an insulation classification, the value of integrity is that determined by the time to failure of only the cracks/openings or sustained flaming aspects, whichever fails first. El

The performance level used to define thermal insulation shall be the mean temperature rise on the unexposed face, limited to 140 °С above the initial mean temperature, with the maximum temperature rise at any point limited to 180 °С above the initial mean temperature.

The test standard specifies how both for uniform and non-uniform elements the mean temperature shall be determined.

The following classes are defined:

7.3.4 Classification of raised floors

Raised floors shall be tested in accordance with EN 1366-6. E) Extended application shall be carried out as described in the relevant part of prEN 15080 and in prEN 15725. El

The design of the test specimen and the number of tests to be carried out shall be derived from a comparison between the envisaged field of application of the classification and the field of application of test results as E) defined in the test standard and in the relevant part of prEN 15080 El-

The test method provides information on the following:

• test specimen/construction;

• field of direct application of test results;

• guidance on test specimen design.

Aspects influencing the number of tests to be carried out shall include for example:

1. the range of exposure conditions to be covered (standard exposure and/or reduced exposure);

2. the range of loading conditions to be covered;

3. constructional variations required.

Failure shall be deemed to have occurred when the floor itself or one of the supporting studs has collapsed.

The assessment of integrity shall be made on the basis of the following three aspects:

1. cracks or opening in excess of given dimensions;

2. ignition of a cotton pad;

3. sustained flaming on the non-exposed side.

Classification of integrity shall be according to whether or not the element is also classified for thermal insulation. Where an element is classified both for integrity E and thermal insulation I, the integrity value shall be that determined by whichever of the three criteria fails first. Where an element is classified E but without an I classification, the integrity value shall be defined as the time to failure of only the cracks/openings or sustained flaming criteria, whichever fails first.

The performance level used to define thermal insulation shall be the mean temperature rise on the unexposed face, limited to 140 °С above the initial mean temperature, with the maximum temperature rise at any point limited to 180 °С above the initial mean temperature.

The following classes are defined:

The classification shall be made specific depending on the exposure.

The absence of the designation letter r refers to standard temperature/time curve exposure (full fire resistance) whereas its presence refers to the constant temperature attack of 500 °С (reduced exposure), e.g. RE 30, and RE 30-r.

Raised floors satisfying the standard temperature/time curve exposure for a given time are considered to satisfy the reduced exposure conditions for at least the same period.

7.4 Products and systems for protecting elements or parts of works

This category of products and systems includes ceilings without independent fire resistance (horizontal membranes), screens without independent fire resistance (vertical membranes) and fire protective coatings, boards, renderings and claddings.

These products and systems do not necessarily claim nor possess fire resistance on their own. They are intended to increase (or to provide) fire resistance of the structural members they protect.

The test methods characterize the products and systems for protecting elements or parts of works in such a way that the field of application of test results can be extended to other structural members than those included in the standard test(s).

NOTE Limited experience is available with those test methods and therefore they are initially published as ENVs.

Classification applies to the protected element, including its protection, and not to the protection itself. Classification of protective elements can be reached using the characterisation data as collected from the tests, together with relevant calculation methods, e g. from the Eurocodes but that is outside the scope of this European Standard.

The test(s) to be carried out, the allowed extension of the field of application of the test results and the procedure(s) to be followed for that purpose depends upon:

— the nature of the protective product:

1. horizontal membranes (ceilings);

2. vertical membranes (screens);

3. fire protective coatings, boards, renderings and claddings;

— the nature of the structural elements to be protected:

4. steel;

5. concrete;

6. composite steel/concrete;

7. timber;

8. aluminium.

The design of the test specimen and the number of tests to be carried out shall be derived from a comparison between the envisaged field of application of the classification for different families of structural members and the field of application of test results as defined in the test standard.

The test methods provide information on the following:

• test specimen;

• field of direct application of test results;

• guidance on test specimen design, including standard configuration for the element(s) to be protected.

Aspects influencing the number of tests to be carried out are, amongst others:

9. the nature of the element(s) to be protected: e.g. timber floor, concrete floor, steel structure;

10. the nature of the protection: e.g. horizontal membrane, coating.

The thermal attack is the standard temperature/time curve.

For reactive or intumescent products additional test(s) against the slow heating curve (see 4.3) may be required.

The applicable test methods are CEN/TS 13381-1 and ENV 13381 parts 2 to 7.

The criteria for the protected structural members are equivalent to those for the element if tested directly.

The test methods also provide data allowing the extension of the field of application of the test results both for a range of variations of the protection and the protected structural elements. Additionally, the test methods provide data on the protective ability of the product or system(s) in a form appropriate for direct input to structural design codes.

Coatings boards, renderings, claddings and screens do not possess fire resistance independently of the structural member they protect. Classification is for that reason done for the protected element or is related to that element.

The same classes are defined as for the structural member to be protected.

If a classification of a protected structural member is required, this shall be carried out in accordance with the prescription of this European Standard.

The same classes exist for the protected element as for the unprotected element. Characterisation data may be included in the classification report; an illustration of such data is given in Annex B. These characterisation data are made available for their use within the Structural Eurocodes.

Although products, membranes and systems for protecting elements envisage primarily the R criterion, also the E and I criteria can be deduced as far as allowed for and according to the description in the test standards. R, E and I performance can also be demonstrated in accordance with EN 1992-1-2, EN 1993-1-2, EN 1994-1-2, EN 1995-1-2, EN 1996-1-2 and ENV 1999-1-2 (Structural Eurocodes) but that is outside the scope of this European Standard.

A standard horizontal structural building member, including any supporting construction, which carries a horizontal protective membrane, to be used as a fire resistant barrier against fire from below, shall be subject to a standard temperature/time test under predefined loading, support and restraint conditions according to CEN/TS 13381-1.

Standard vertical structural elements (columns), protected against fire by a vertical protective membrane shall be subject to a standard temperature/time test according to ENV 13381-2.

Where performance against mechanical impact is a regulatory requirement such a test, as described in EN 1363-2, shall be carried out.

The following standard vertical structural building members are defined:

steel columns;

concrete columns;

concrete filled hollow steel columns;

timber columns;

aluminium columns.

Throughout the test the cavity temperature and the surface temperature of the columns shall be measured. From these data characteristic curves for cavity and surface temperature are calculated for the application within the field of application of test results. These characteristic curves are made available for their use within the Structural Eurocodes.

Limiting temperatures for specific types of materials of construction, from which loadbearing capacity is obtained, are defined for the characteristic cavity temperature as well as the characteristic surface temperature.

Fire protection products are characterised by test results expressed in terms of the time at which the limiting temperatures are reached. From this information classification of protected structural elements is obtained according to procedures detailed in the test standard.

Protected products successfully submitted to the mechanical impact test are identified by the addition of‘M’, e.g. R 30-M.

Standard concrete elements, protected against fire by the coatings, boards, renderings or claddings to be evaluated, shall be subject to a standard temperature/time test according to ENV 13381-3.

The following concrete elements are defined:

1. concrete slabs simulating flat two-dimensional concrete members;

2. concrete beams simulating beams and columns.

Throughout the test, surface and internal temperatures of the concrete and its reinforcement are measured. From these data characteristic temperature curves are defined.

The assessment method details the means whereby the results of temperature measurement and observations made throughout the test(s) are used to provide the following data:

3. the relationship between the concrete temperature at different depths, the time and the thickness of fire protection;

4. the equivalent thickness of concrete, related to thermal insulation criteria;

5. information on stickability.

These data are made available for their use within Structural Eurocode EN 1992-1-2.The evaluation is done, at least, for minimum and maximum thickness.

7.4.6.7 Concrete filled hollow steel columns protected by coatings or claddings

Standard composite test columns, protected by the fire protection system, shall be subject to a standard temperature/time test according to ENV 13381-6.

Throughout the test, surface temperatures on the steel column are measured.

The assessment method details the means whereby the results of temperature measurement and observations throughout the test shall be used to provide:

1. the relationship between steel temperature, time and thickness of fire protection material;

2. information on stickability.

A characteristic temperature is defined. This is made available to be used within Structural Eurocode EN 1994-1-2.

The time for the characteristic steel surface temperature to rise to a range of design temperatures is plotted on a graph versus thickness of the fire protection systems.

The evaluation is done, at least, for minimum and maximum thickness.

For a fire protection system to be applied to timber floors, walls, and/or beams and columns, standard floor and/or beam tests shall be performed as well as a series of tests on small elements, according to ENV 13381-7.

Throughout the test, temperatures are measured on the surface and within the timber specimen.

The tests examine:

1. the behaviour of the fire protection system and its stickability;

2. the surface temperature of the timber behind the fire protection system and the temperature evolution inside the timber.

The test method calculates the charring rates and the advancement of the char line through the timber.

The contribution of the protective material is expressed in terms of the time to the start of charring and the charring rate. This is made available to be used within Structural Eurocode EN 1995-1-2.

This category of elements includes:

partitions (7.5.2);

facades (curtain walls) and external walls (7.5.3);

ceilings with independent fire resistance (7.5.4);

fire doors and shutters including their closing devices (7.5.5);

smoke control doors (7.5.6);

conveyor systems and their closures (7.5.7);

penetration seals (7.5.8);

linear joint seals (7.5.9);

service ducts and shafts (7.5.10);

chimneys (7.5.11).

Relevant performance criteria and classes are indicated below separately for each type of element.

Partitions (non-loadbearing walls) shall be tested in accordance with EN 1364-1. E) Extended application shall be carried out as described in the relevant part of prEN 15254 and in prEN 15725.

The design of the test specimen and the number of tests to be carried out shall be derived from a comparison between the envisaged field of application of the classification and the field of application of test results as E) defined in the test standard defined in the test standard and in the relevant part of prEN 15254®].

The test method provides information on the following:

• test specimen;

• field of direct application of test results;

• guidance on test specimen design especially for testing glazed elements or non-loadbearing walls incorporating glazings.

Aspects influencing the number of tests to be carried out shall include for example:

1. side(s) to be tested for asymmetrical elements;

2. need for additional thermal exposure: external thermal exposure conditions;

3. constructional variations required, such as walls with and/or without un-insulated portions, e.g. glazing: additional tests shall be undertaken using separate test specimens as a function of the envisaged field of application, including the nature of the supporting construction of glazing.

The assessment of integrity shall be made on the basis of the following three aspects:

1. cracks or opening in excess of given dimensions;

2. ignition of a cotton pad;

3. sustained flaming on the non-exposed side.

E> Classification for integrity shall be according to whether or not the element is also classified for insulation. Where an element is classified both for integrity and insulation, the value of integrity is that determined by whichever of the three aspects fails first. Where an element is classified without an insulation classification, the value of integrity is that determined by the time to failure of only the cracks/openings or sustained flaming aspects, whichever fails first. El

The performance level, used to define thermal insulation, shall be the mean temperature rise on the unexposed face, limited to 140 °С above the initial mean temperature, with the maximum temperature rise at any point limited to 180 C° above the initial mean temperature.

The test standard specifies how both for uniform and non-uniform elements the mean temperature shall be determined. For an element incorporating discrete areas of different thermal insulation, compliance with the thermal insulation criteria shall be determined separately for each area.

E) Classification for radiation shall be given by the time for which the maximum value of radiation, measured as specified in the test standard, does not exceed 15 kW/m². El

The element shall resist the impact as described in the test standard, without prejudice to the E and/or I performance.

The following classes are defined:

7.5.3 Classification of curtain walling

Curtain walls shall be tested in accordance with EN 1364-3. Parts of curtain walls shall be tested in accordance with EN 1364-4. E> Extended application shall be carried out as described in the relevant part of prEN 15254 and in prEN 15725. El

EN 1364-4 on its own shall not be used to classify complete facades.