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The following general requirements for penetration seals shall apply.

1. Penetration seals shall maintain the integrity and insulation criteria of the smoke control duct.

2. The gap dimension between the inside edge of the supporting construction and the outer perimeter of the smoke control duct section, and hence the sealing details, shall follow the tested method when the smoke control duct section is installed within a building.

Smoke control ducts often contain other components than structural supports and sealants. These shall not cause failure of the smoke extraction system whilst exhausting smoke from the building and shall be tested to meet the same requirements as the duct into which they are installed. Full details of any components used for the fire test shall be recorded.

Among these components may be the following equipment:

— access doors/panels,

— silencers or attenuators to limit noise,

— compensators,

— turning vanes,

— air flow/volume indication transponders,

— grilles, to control the direction of air/smoke movement at the terminals of the system.

Components shall be tested according to the principles of EN 1366-8 or EN 1366-9 to prove that they do not reduce the performance of the smoke control duct section already tested and classified. They shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for the component and any associated smoke control duct section.

The assessment of integrity (E) of multi compartment smoke control duct sections, as one of the fire resistance performance characteristics, shall be made on the basis of:

1. leakage through the duct section at ambient and after 15 minutes from the start of the fire test;

2. the ability of the duct section to maintain its cross section when subjected to the fire test;

3. the assessment of collapse of the duct within the furnace, to confirm mechanical stability;

4. cracks or openings in excess of given dimensions and ignition of a cotton pad and sustained flaming on the non-exposed side at the perimeter of the duct section junction with the wall or floor or duct (the penetration);

5. the suitability for use of the duct section at an under pressure, measured at ambient.

When insulation characteristics are proven for multi compartment fire resisting control duct sections, this shall be classified and declared, together with integrity.

A smoke leakage performance requirement is described in EN 13501-4 to allow the (S) classification, and this shall be applied, if the duct section is intended for the end uses where this performance is required (measured continuously after 15 minutes from the start of the fire test.

Having achieved the performance criteria in 4.3.1, the multi compartment smoke control duct section shall be classified and designated in accordance with EN 13501-4.

The following shall be declared for each multi compartment smoke control duct section:

1. integrity class "E", integrity and insulation class "El" (in accordance to EN 13501-4);

2. the additions of the indication(s) of suitability for vertical and/or horizontal use, together with mounting in a floor or in a wall or both, respectively: as v_e or h₀;

3. the addition of the symbol "S" indicates the satisfaction of an extra restriction on leakage;

4. the addition of "500", "1000" or "1500" indicates the suitability of use up to these underpressures.

EXAMPLE El 60 (v_e h₀) S 500.

If the multi compartment smoke control duct section requirements defined in this clause are satisfied, this shall be deemed to satisfy also the corresponding single compartment smoke control duct section requirements in 4.4.1.

The assessment of integrity (E) of a single compartment smoke control duct section, as one of the fire resistance performance characteristics, shall be made on the basis of:

1. leakage through the duct section at ambient and after 15 minutes from the start of the elevated temperature test;

2. the ability of the duct section to maintain its cross section when subjected to the elevated temperature test (i.e. to 600 °С);

3. the assessment of collapse of the duct within the furnace, to confirm mechanical stability;

4. the suitability for use of the duct section at an under pressure, measured at ambient.

A smoke leakage performance requirement is described in EN 13501-4 to allow the (S) classification, and this shall be applied, if the duct section is intended for the end uses where this performance is required.

Having achieved the performance criteria in 4.4.1, the single compartment smoke control duct section shall be classified and designated in accordance with EN 13501-4.

The following shall be declared for each single compartment smoke control duct section:

1. integrity class "E_6Oo", (in accordance to EN 13501-4);

2. The additions of the indication(s) of suitability for vertical and/or horizontal use, respectively: as v_e, or h₀;

3. The addition of the symbol "S" indicates the satisfaction of an extra restriction on leakage;

4. The addition of "500", "1000" or "1500" indicates the suitability of use up to these underpressures.

EXAMPLE Eeoo 60 (v_e, h₀) S 1500.

5. Test methods

   1. Ambient leakage tests

The openings in the duct inside the furnace shall be sealed and the test method shall be in accordance with EN 1366-8 or EN 1366-9.

In addition to other requirements in this standard, the smoke control duct section shall be subjected to a furnace based fire resistance test. The purpose of the test is to evaluate the ability of a smoke control duct section to prevent fire and smoke spreading from one fire compartment to another through the ductwork system which may penetrate fire separating walls and floors.

In addition the test assesses the tightness of the ductwork while hot gases are drawn through the extraction system, ensuring that only small quantities of clean air could be sucked into the duct from areas not affected by a fire, and demonstrating low leakage out in positive pressure situations.

Single compartment smoke control duct sections will be subjected to an elevated temperature test matching the standard time temperature heating curve but levelling out to a flat maximum of 600 °С. Multi-compartment smoke control duct sections will be subjected to a fire test to the standard time temperature test curve.

Hot gases from inside the furnace are drawn through the smoke control duct section to the outside. The provision of a perforated plate allows the smoke control duct section outside the furnace to be subjected to pressure differential of 500Pa. The leakage of the smoke control duct section outside the furnace is recorded. The leakage rate of duct sections requiring an S classification shall be measured both at ambient temperature and during the fire test.

Temperature and integrity measurements shall be carried out in various parts of the test construction during the test. Observations on the duct hangers and the penetration seal will be made to confirm maintenance of stability and the maximum allowable reduction in cross section.

Equipment, method and section size as fully described in EN 1366-8, shall be subjected to the fire resistance test. Sections shall be fire tested in the plane of proposed installation, noting the direct field of application of fire test results.

Equipment, method and section size as fully described in EN 1366-9, shall be subjected to the fire resistance test. Sections shall be fire tested in the plane of proposed installation, noting the direct field of application of fire test results. An insulation classification is not available.

Equipment, method and section size as fully described in EN 1366-8, shall be subjected to the fire resistance test. Sections shall be fire tested in the plane of proposed installation, noting the direct field of application of fire test results.

Equipment, method and section size as fully described in EN 1366-9, shall be subjected to the fire resistance test. Sections shall be fire tested in the plane of proposed installation, noting the direct field of application of fire test results.

5. Evaluation of conformity

   1. General

The compliance of a smoke control duct section with the requirements of this standard shall be demonstrated by:

• initial type testing (ITT),

• factory production control (FPC).

For smoke control duct sections produced as one-offs, pre-production smoke control duct sections (e.g. prototypes) and smoke control duct sections produced in very low quantities, 6.4 shall apply.

Initial type testing (ITT) shall be performed to demonstrate compliance of smoke control duct sections with this European Standard.

All essential characteristics for which the manufacturer declares performances are subject to initial type testing. Tests shall be carried out in accordance with Clause 5. No smoke control duct section needs to be re­tested for the sake of proving repeatability, but more than one smoke control duct section shall be required to be tested to cover different applications.

Because the objective of the general testing procedures is to establish the ability of the smoke control duct section to achieve the product design and performance requirements and classification in its operational position (i.e. end use conditions), and to continue to act as a barrier/opening for a designated period of time, the complete product to be installed shall be tested.

In the case of modification of the smoke control duct section or of the method of production (where these may affect the stated performance characteristics), the initial type testing shall also be performed. All characteristics given in Clause 4, which may be changed by the modification, shall be subject to this initial type testing, except those tests described in 6.2.3.

Tests previously performed in accordance with the provisions of this standard may be taken into account for the ITT purpose providing that the tests:

• were equivalent or more rigorous;

• were carried out by a third party in the frame of a national/voluntary certification scheme;

• were carried out on the same product or products of similar design, construction and functionality, such that the results are applicable to the product in question.

Products may be grouped into families where the results for one or more characteristics from any one product in the family are representative for all other products within that family.

NOTE 1 Products may be in different families for different characteristics.

NOTE 2 Reference to the test methods standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative sample.

In addition, type tests or initial type testing shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares performances:

• at the beginning of the production of a new or modified smoke control duct section design, the raw material or supplier of the components;

• at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this may affect the stated properties); or

• they shall be repeated for the appropriate characteristic(s), whenever a change occurs in the smoke control duct section design, in the raw material or in the supplier of the components, or in the production process (subject to the definition of a family), which would affect significantly one or more of the characteristics.

Where kit components are used whose characteristics have already been determined, by the component manufacturer, on the basis of compliance with other technical specifications, these characteristics need not be reassessed The specifications of these components shall be documented, as shall the inspection scheme for ensuring their compliance.

Products CE marked in accordance with appropriate harmonised European specifications may be presumed to have the performances stated with the CE marking, although this does not replace the responsibility of the smoke control duct section designer to ensure that the smoke control duct section as a whole is correctly designed and its components have the necessary performance values to meet the design.

Test samples of smoke control duct sections shall be representative of the normal production.

If the technical documentation (see 8.1) of the test samples does not give a sufficient basis for later compliance checks, a reference test sample (identified and marked) shall remain available for this purpose.

All initial type testing and its results shall be documented in a test report.

The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system in a form of permanent internal control of production to ensure that the smoke control duct section placed on the market continuously complies with the ITT sample, for which compliance with this European Standard has been verified and expressed by the smoke control duct section’s stated performance characteristics.

If the manufacturer has the product designed, manufactured, assembled, packed, processed and labelled by subcontracting, FPC of the original manufacturer may be taken into account. However, where subcontracting takes place, the manufacturer shall retain the overall control of the products and ensure that he receives all the information that is necessary to fulfil his responsibilities according to this European Standard. The manufacturer who subcontracts all of his activities may in no circumstances pass his responsibilities on to a subcontractor.

All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic manner in the form of written policies and procedures. This production control system documentation shall ensure a common understanding of conformity evaluation and enable the achievement of the required smoke control duct section characteristics and the effective operation of the production control system to be checked.

FPC therefore brings together operational techniques and all measures allowing maintenance and control of the conformity of the product with its technical specifications. Its implementation may be achieved by controls and tests on measuring equipment, raw materials and constituents, processes, machines and manufacturing equipment and finished products, including material properties in products, and by making use of the results thus obtained.

Manufacturers having an FPC system which complies with EN ISO 9001 and which addresses the requirements of this harmonised standard are recognised as satisfying the FPC requirements of the Council Directive 89/106/EEC.

Where a manufacturer operates different production lines or units in the same factory, or production lines or units in different factories, and these are covered by a single, overall FPC system, the manufacturer still has to keep control records for each separate production line or unit (and this shall be made a requirement of the technical specification). However, when performing FPC inspections, although the product specific aspects always need to be evaluated, the Notified Body does not have to repeat systematically the assessment of “general” FPC provisions which apply to all lines/units.

The FPC system shall:

• address this European Standard, and

• ensure that the products placed on the market conform with the stated performance characteristics.

This involves:

1. the preparation of documented procedures and instructions relating to factory production control operations;

2. the effective implementation of these procedures and instructions;

3. the recording of these operations and their results;

4. the use of these results to correct any deviations, repair the effects of such deviations, treat any resulting instances of non-conformity and, if necessary, revise the FPC to rectify the cause of non-conformity.

Production control operations include some or all of the following operations:

1. the specification and verification of raw materials and constituents;

2. the controls and tests to be carried out during manufacture according to a frequency laid down in the prescribed test plan;

3. the verifications and tests to be carried out on finished products according to a frequency in accordance with Annex В and adapted to the product and its conditions of manufacture.

NOTE Depending on the specific case, it may be necessary to carry out i) the operations referred to under b) and c), ii) only the operations under b) or iii) only those under c).

The operations under b) centre as much on the intermediate states of the product as on manufacturing machines and their adjustment, and equipment etc. These controls and tests and their frequency are chosen based on product type and composition, the manufacturing process and its complexity, the sensitivity of product features to variations in manufacturing parameters etc.

With regard to operations under c), where there is no control of finished products at the time that they are placed on the market, the manufacturer shall ensure that packaging, and reasonable conditions of handling and storage, do not damage products and that the product remains in conformity with the technical specification.

The appropriate calibrations shall be carried out on defined measuring and test instruments.

6.3.3.2 Verification and tests

The manufacturer shall have or have available the installations, equipment and personnel which enable him to carry out the necessary verifications and tests. He may, as may his agent, meet this requirement by concluding a sub-contracting agreement with one or more organisations or persons having the necessary skills and equipment.

The manufacturer shall calibrate or verify and maintain the control, measuring or test equipment in good operating condition, whether or not it belongs to him, with a view to demonstrating conformity of the product with its technical specification.

The equipment shall be used in conformity with the specification or the test reference system to which the specification refers.

If necessary, monitoring shall be carried out of the conformity of intermediate states of the product and at the main stages of its production.

NOTE This monitoring of conformity focuses where necessary on the product throughout the process of manufacture, so that only products having passed the scheduled intermediate controls and tests are dispatched.

Tests shall be in accordance with the test plan in Annex B.

The manufacturer should establish and maintain records which provide evidence that the product has been tested. These records should show clearly whether the product has satisfied the defined acceptance criteria. Where the product fails to satisfy the acceptance measures, the provisions for non-conforming products should apply.

If control or test results show that the product does not meet the requirements, for example if the statistical variation of test results exceeds the limits allowed by the technical specification (see Annex B), the necessary corrective action shall immediately be taken.

Products or batches not conforming shall be isolated and properly identified. Once the fault has been corrected, the test or verification in question shall be repeated.

If products have been delivered before the results are available, a procedure and record should be maintained for notifying customers.

The results of factory production controls shall be properly recorded in the manufacturer's register. The product description, date of manufacture, test method adopted, test results and acceptance criteria shall be entered in the register under the signature of the person responsible for control who carried out the verification.

With regard to any control result not meeting the requirements of the technical specification, the corrective measures taken to rectify the situation (e.g. a further test carried out, modification of manufacturing process, throwing away or putting right of product) shall be indicated in the register.

It is the manufacturer's, or his agent's, responsibility to keep full records of individual products or product batches, including their related manufacturing details and characteristics, and to keep records of to whom these products or batches were first sold. Individual products or batches of products and the related manufacturing details shall be completely identifiable and retraceable. In certain cases, for example for bulk products, a rigorous traceability is not possible. The expression of the requirement in the relevant technical specifications should be realistically adapted keeping in view a traceability as complete as possible.