---

Prepare a foam solution following the recommendations from the supplier for concentration, maximum premix time, compatibility with the test equipment, avoiding contamination by other types of foam, etc.

Use potable water to prepare the foam solution and, if the supplier claims that the concentrate is suitable for use in sea water, make a second foam solution at the same concentration using the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4.

H.1.5 Fuel

Use an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture having physical properties according to the following specification:

1. distillation range: 84 °С to 105 °С;

2. maximum difference between initial and final boiling points: 10 °С;

3. maximum aromatic content: a mass fraction of 1 %;

4. density at 15 °С: (700 ± 20) kg/m³.

NOTE 1 The normal value of surface tension of the aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture measured in accordance with F.2.1 is 21 mN.m'¹ to 22 mN.m'¹.

NOTE 2 Typical fuels meeting this specification are certain solvent fractions sometimes referred to as commercial heptane.

H.2 Fire test

H.2.1 Apparatus

H.2.1.1 Circular fire tray of stainless steel grade EN: X5CrNi18-10 with dimensions as follows:

1. internal diameter at rim (1480 ±15) mm;

2. depth (150 + 10) mm;

3. nominal thickness of steel wall 2,5 mm.

NOTE The tray has an area of approximately 1,73 m².

H.2.1.2 Foam-making equipment as described in G.1.2

H.2.1.3 Stainless steel burn-back pot, of nominal thickness 2,5 mm, diameter (150 ± 5) mm and height (150 ± 5) mm, with a bracket so that it can be suspended directly on the rim of the fire tray. The upper rim of the burn-back pot shall be level with and in contact with the upper rim of the fire tray.

H.2.2 Test procedure

Place the tray directly on the ground and ensure that it is level. Add approximately 30 I of water and (55 ± 2) I of fuel, to give a nominal 50 mm fuel depth, with approximately 100 mm between the fuel surface and the upper rim of the tray wall.

Suspend the burn-back pot containing (0,9 ± 0,1) I of fuel on the sheltered side of the fire tray.

Ignite the fuel not less than 3 min and not more than 5 min after adding it. Not less than 45 s after full involvement of the surface of the fuel mount the medium expansion nozzle horizontally on the rim of the tray as shown in Figure H.1. Start foam application (60 ± 2) s after full involvement. Apply foam for (120 ± 2) s. Record the extinction time as the time after the start of foam application at which all flames in the fire tray are extinguished. Following foam application allow the fire in the burn-back pot to burn until sustained flames appear above the foam blanket. Record this time as the 1 % burn-back time.

If the burn-back pot is extinguished due to overflow of foam during foam application, re-ignite it immediately.

7777777777777777777777

Key

A - foam-making nozzle

В - tray

C - burn-back pot, suspended outside tray

F - fuel

W - water

Figure H.1 —Test fire arrangement for medium expansion foam

Annex I
(informative)

Description of a radiation measurement method

Radiation measurement is a convenient and objective way to monitor the performance of a foam during the fire performance test. It reduces the need for visual observations (except for flame flickers and time for complete extinction).

This annex describes the equipment and procedure² which have been used in a series of tests at one testing laboratory, and the methods used to interpret and present the results. The method is suitable for low and medium expansion foams but not for high expansion foams.

Place two radiometers diametrically in relation to the tray as shown in Figure 1.1. The distance between the radiometers and the rim of the tray should be not less than twice the diameter of the tray and the height above the rim not less than 1,5 m.

NOTE Maximum distance is limited by the sensitivity of the radiometers.

Record the radiation levels continuously or with intervals not exceeding 1 s.

Key

R - radiometers

1 - circular fire tray

Figure 1.1 — Location of the radiometers for recording of the heat radiation during fire
performance tests

Use two radiometers of the Gordon or Schmidt-Boelter type. The meters should be water-cooled. The temperature of the cooling water should be (30 + 10) °С, and held constant during the measurements.

The radiometers should absorb at least 90 % of the incoming radiation within the range of wavelengths 0,6 pm to 15,0 pm.

For a fully developed fire the radiometer reading should be not less than 0,6 times full scale.

The radiometers should have a maximum non-linearity of ± 3 % of the nominal range of measurement, and a maximum response time of 2 s (up to 63 % of full response).

NOTE A radiometer with protective glass can be used, provided that the requirements on spectral sensitivity are satisfied. If it is assumed to be desirable, the recommendation to use the range of measurement as above can be changed, if the radiometers have a better linearity. Less than 40 % utilisation is not advisable as the influence of background radiation might cause too high an effect.

Correct the output from the two radiometers by deducting the background radiation recorded from 5 s to 10 s after the point of time for complete extinction.

Determine the mean value of the output from the two radiometers.

Determine the average radiation value (free burning radiation value) by averaging the recorded values over the 25 s period starting from the 30 s to the 5 s before start of the foam application (see Figure 1.2).

Determine the relative radiation by dividing the output radiation from the radiometers with the calculated average free burning radiation value.

Instantaneous radiation values are subject to random fluctuations. Plot radiation values averaged over the period ± 5 s for each time value to produce a smoother curve, which facilitates interpretation.

The adjusted relative radiation is shown for the extinguishing test in Figure I.3 and for the burn-back test in Figure 1.4. 90 % control is equivalent to the relative radiation 0,1.

The description above implies that computer controlled measuring practice is applied.

NOTE Figures 1.2, I.3, and 1.4; show radiation data from a test carried out in accordance with Part 3 of this standard and are illustrative of the type of information generated by this technique.

Key

X: duration time, min

Y: radiation, kW/m²

NOTE Foam application starts at 1 min, stops at 5 min. Burn-back test starts at 15 min

— Typical absolute radiation levels throughout a tes

t

Key

X-axis time, min

Y-axis relative radiation, dimensionless

NOTE Foam application starts at 0 min, stops at 4 min, 90 % control is achieved at about 1 min 8 s.

Y

1,2

1,0

²⁰ X

Key

X-axis time, min

Y-axis relative radiation, dimensionless

NOTE Burn-back starts at 0 min (25 % is at about 8 min 30 s).

— Typical relative radiation levels during burn-back

А-deviation: National deviation due to regulations, the alteration of which is for the time being outside the competence of the CEN/CENELEC member.

In the relevant CEN/CENELEC countries these А-deviations are valid instead of the provisions of the European Standard until they have been removed.

Denmark

Germany

on Facilities for Handling dangerous Substances of the Bundeslander have to be considered. Operators of such facilities are obliged to perform or to establish safety measures aimed at the protection of waters (precautionary principle). Prerequisite for appropriate safety measures is the assessment of substances and mixtures/preparations and its classification into Water Hazard Classes (Wassergefahrdungsklassen) according to the Administrative Regulation on the Classification of Substances Hazardous to Waters (Verwaltungsvorschrift wassergefahrdende Stoffe; VwVwS) of 17 May, 1999.

The safety measures may concern for example storage facilities, storage volume, facility equipment, special surveillance obligation or notification duties.

Administrative Regulation on the Classification of Substances Hazardous to Waters of 17 May, 1999 (Verwaltungsvorschrift wassergefahrdende Stoffe; VwVwS)

The classification of substances hazardous to waters required by § 19 g Federal Water Act (Wasserhaushaltsgesetz) is described in the Administrative Regulation on the Classification of Substances Hazardous to Waters (VwVwS). The classification according VwVwS is based on § 4 a Ordinance on Hazardous Substances (Gefahrstoffverordnung - GefStoffV), which is directly linked with the European Directive 67/548/EEC. Classified substances listed in Annex 1 of EU Directive 67/548/EEC are published in „Bundesanzeiger" by the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs.

The hazardous potential of a substance or mixture depends besides its intrinsic properties on the kind of facility, the handled volume of the substances and on environmental conditions.Bibliography

[1 ] ISO 649-2, Laboratory glassware — Density hydrometers for general purposes — Part 2: Test methods and use

[2] ISO 3734, Petroleum products — Determination of water and sediment in residual fuel oils — Centrifuge method

1 An example of a suitable apparatus, available commercially, is supplied by Svenska Skum AB, P О Box 674, S- 442, 18 Kungalv, Sweden. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of this product.

2 Further details are given in Nordtest Method NT Fire 023, obtainable from Nordtest, Postbox 22, SF - 00341 Helsinki, Finland.

3 An example of suitable apparatus, available commercially, is the Medtherm Series 64 supplied by Medtherm Corp., P О Box 412, Huntsville, AL, USA. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of this product.