D.6 Underground sensors
Table D.6 — Buried Sensors
|
Functional features |
Fibre Optics |
Leaky-coax cables |
Coax |
Geophone |
Microphonic |
|
|
Detection zone features |
Range |
50 m up to 40 000 m |
100 m |
100 m |
7 m up to 30 m |
20 m up to 100 m |
|
Width: volume or curtain |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
|
Height |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
|
Dead zone |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
|
Detection performance on non-even grounds |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Detection on ground with no hollow plan |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Disqualification |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Configuration of the width or sensitivity of the detection zone |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Technology |
Optical, radiofrequency, thermal, seismic |
Optic with laser |
Pressure Tube |
Pressure Tube |
Seismic |
Piezo-electric |
|
Detection features |
Vertical detection |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
Ground-level detection |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
|
Minimum intrusion speed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum intrusion speed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Resolution of detection |
10m up to 300 m according to model |
10 m uptolOO m according to model |
10 m up to 100 m according to model |
7 m up to 30 m |
20 m up to 100 m |
|
|
Discrimination capacity |
Maximal of nonintruder object |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Minimal detected mass without alarm |
50 kg |
50 kg |
50 kg |
50 kg |
50 kg |
|
|
Intrusion qualification |
Intrusion location: videoconfirmation |
10 m up to 300 m according to model |
10 m up to 100 m according to model |
10m up to 100 m according to model |
7 m up to 30 m |
20 m up to 100 m |
|
Target dimension |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
|
Target height |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
|
Immunity to |
Immunity to sun |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
Functional features |
Fibre Optics |
Leaky-coax cables |
Coax |
Geophone |
Microphonic |
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|
weather variations |
glare |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Maximum range in fog (in % of the Weather Optical range) |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Rain |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Snow |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Wind |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Immunity to other disturbances |
Electro-magnetic |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Underground vibrations |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
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|
Underground fluids |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
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Main causes of false alarms |
|
|
|
|
|
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Wiring / installation |
NO/NC output |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
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|
Serial output |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
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Native IP communication |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
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|
connection between active equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
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Other criteria |
Non-detection causes |
|
|
|
|
- |
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Causes of false alarms |
|
|
|
|
|
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Identification (video confirmation) |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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Dissuasion |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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|
Intrusion delayed |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
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Annex E
Inventory of perimeter intruder detection systems (PIDs)
E.1 Introduction
WARNING: The tables in this annex are a work in progress. Any values given in this annex are indicative values. The contents of the tables in this annex should not be considered to be 'objective' and should be used with due diligence.
The first draft of this annex originated from the United Kingdom.
This annex consists of a list of information regarding perimeter intruder detection systems (PIDs), see Table E.1. Information is given on some typical characteristics and fields of application. An indication is also given whether or not European or National standardization has taken place.
Table E.1 also provides 'other information' in the following form:
|
Other information |
||||
|
VD |
PD |
NAR |
FAR |
MTTR |
The abbreviations have the following meanings:
|
VD |
Vulnerability to Defeat |
likelihood that a sensor could be beaten |
|
|
Vulnerabilite a la casse |
probabilite qu'un senseur puisse etre detruit, casse ? |
|
|
|
|
|
FAR |
False Alarm Rate |
rate of invalid alarms caused by unknown sources |
|
|
Degre de fausse alarme |
degre d'alarme non fondee causee par des sources inconnues |
|
|
|
|
|
NAR |
Nuisance Alarm Rate |
rate of invalid alarms caused by identifiable nonthreat sources |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MTTR a |
Mean Time To Repair |
average time that a device will take to recover from any failure |
|
|
Temps moyen de remise en etat |
|
|
|
|
|
|
MTBF |
Mean Time Between Failures |
|
|
|
Temps moyen de bon fonctionnement |
temps moyen arithmetique entre deux pannes |
|
|
|
|
|
a RSPL Recommended Spare Part List - list of tender parts. This list is always in combination with the MTTR. |
||
NOTE From a user perspective, it might be useful to combine FAR and NAR into one single quantity. It is possible that this will be considered in the future.E.2 Combination of two sensors
Combinations of PIDs can also be used. Depending on their relation, they behave like an “OR” system or an “AND” system.
If the detector system is switch in a “OR “situation the security level goes up.
If the detector system is switch in a “AND “situation the security level goes down.
In low risk times “AND ” can be acceptable, in high risk times switch to “OR".
|
Used as: |
“OR” a |
“AND” b |
|
VD |
down |
up |
|
PD |
up |
down |
|
NAR |
up |
down |
|
FAR |
up |
down |
|
a “OR" means both detectors shall generate an alarm. b “AND” means one of the detectors shall generate an alarm. |
||
1 — Information on perimeter intruder detection systems (PIDs)
|
Product type (generic) |
Type |
Application |
Protection system |
Protection system |
CEN/ Cenelec |
National * ISO |
CEN/ Cenelec |
Other information |
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|
|
Classificati on |
General risk level |
Passive/ Active |
Visible/ Invisible |
Standard applicable |
Standard applicable |
TC . active on product |
VD |
PD |
NAR |
FAR |
MTTR |
|
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General PIDS Technologies |
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|
Barrier Mounted PIDS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
TC 79 |
|
|
|
|
without |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
traveling |
|
Electrified fence |
Line detection |
Low/ middle |
Active |
Visible |
EN 60335-2- 76 |
EN 60335-2- 76 |
|
high |
low |
high |
high |
< 4 h |
|
Electrostatic Field Disturbance |
Line detection |
middle/ high |
Active |
Visible |
EN 50130-4 |
EN 50130-4 |
|
middle |
high |
high |
high |
< 4 h |
|
Fibre Optic |
Line detection |
Low/ middle |
Passive |
Visible |
|
C 48-431 / C 48-465 / NF C 48-211 / NFC 48-225 |
|
high |
low |
low |
high |
> 4 h |
|
Geophone or Point Sensor |
Point detection |
Low/ middle |
Passive |
Visible |
|
|
|
middle |
middle |
middle |
low |
> 4 h |
|
Vibration |
Point detection |
high |
Passive |
Visible |
|
|
|
middle |
middle |
middle |
middle |
> 4 h |
|
Magnetic Strain-Sensitive Cable |
Line detection |
Low/ middle |
Passive |
Visible |
|
|
|
middle |
middle |
middle |
middle |
>4h |
|
Microphonic cable |
Line detection |
low |
Passive |
Visible |
|
|
|
high |
low |
middle |
low |
< 4 h |
|
Reflected wave |
Line detection |
low/middle |
Active |
Visible |
|
NFC 48-229 |
|
middle |
middle |
high |
low |
<4h |
|
Taut wire |
Line detection |
middle/high |
Passive |
Visible |
|
|
|
low |
middle |
low |
middle |
<4 h |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Ground Based PIDS |
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